Steps to a COHAT
- Mary Berg
- Nov 18
- 3 min read
Mastering the Steps to a Complete Oral Health Assessment and Treatment (COHAT)
As veterinary professionals, we know that dental care goes far beyond simply brushing or removing plaque and calculus from a pet’s teeth. A Complete Oral Health Assessment and Treatment (COHAT) is a comprehensive approach to maintaining long-term oral health and preventing severe disease in companion animals. Here’s a look at the key steps involved and why each one is crucial.
1. Educating the Client
One of the first steps in performing a COHAT is ensuring that the client understands what’s involved in the procedure. Many pet owners think of “dental cleanings” as a simple brushing, but it’s so much more than that. We educate clients on the importance of anesthesia for a thorough exam and cleaning, and explain why plaque removal is vital for their pet’s health.
2. Preoperative Examination and Safety
Before the cleaning begins, a thorough preoperative exam is essential. This includes blood work, which I like to refer to as “surgical safety blood work,” to ensure the pet is healthy enough for anesthesia. We also check the pet’s bite and look for any abnormal wear patterns on their teeth. These steps ensure a safer and more effective procedure.
3. Removing Plaque and Calculus
The next step in COHAT involves removing plaque and calculus from both supra- and sub-gingival surfaces. Plaque, if left untreated, becomes calculus (tartar), which harbors bacteria and contributes to the progression of periodontal disease. The technique involves using hand scalers and ultrasonic scalers, both essential tools for thorough cleaning. This is critical for stopping the disease before it advances further into the periodontal tissues.
4. Radiographs for Comprehensive Assessment
Radiographs are essential in assessing the full extent of oral disease. Up to 42% of dental pathology is hidden beneath the gum line, and without radiographs, vital issues such as bone loss or tooth root infections may go unnoticed. Radiographs allow us to identify and address these hidden problems, providing a more comprehensive approach to dental health.
5. Polishing and Irrigation
After plaque and calculus removal, polishing helps to smooth out any rough spots on the tooth surfaces, reducing the chances of plaque adhering again. Irrigation is also crucial, as it flushes out debris and bacteria from the gum pockets, helping to promote healing.
6. Home Care Recommendations
Once the cleaning is done, client education is vital. Demonstrating proper home care, such as tooth brushing techniques, using dental wipes, and recommending appropriate diets or treats, helps ensure long-term oral health. Clients need to understand that maintaining oral health is an ongoing effort.
Why Every Step in COHAT Matters
Performing a complete COHAT not only ensures a healthier mouth for your patients but also prevents serious systemic issues related to periodontal disease, such as heart disease, liver disease, and even kidney problems. Each step in the COHAT process plays an essential role in promoting overall health and preventing the progression of oral disease.
Ready to Learn More?
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